Recipes work through a pane of their own, its look and exec, and keep a command pane while their open lasts; the docs give cmd panes, the err grep, alt-screen prompts, /pager's refusals, Tty+ on a ctl, --, and theme failures in words

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <[email protected]>

6 files changed, 74 insertions, 45 deletions

diff --git a/docs/typ/cheatsheet-a4.pdf b/docs/typ/cheatsheet-a4.pdf
index e3d82657..ce50f595 100644
--- a/docs/typ/cheatsheet-a4.pdf
+++ b/docs/typ/cheatsheet-a4.pdf
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diff --git a/docs/typ/cheatsheet.typ b/docs/typ/cheatsheet.typ
index a9152709..cec31428 100644
--- a/docs/typ/cheatsheet.typ
+++ b/docs/typ/cheatsheet.typ
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ Every session serves its panes as files. Pane shells get `$PARDES_9P` (socket),
   file("pane/N/ctl"), [builtins: `Save`, `Edit ...`],
   file("pane/N/body tag"), [its text (`>>` appends)],
 )
-#cmd("echo notes.txt:12 > $m/look")
+#cmd("echo notes.txt:12 > $m/pane/$n/look")
 #cmd("echo /foo/ > $m/pane/$n/addr; printf bar > $m/pane/$n/data")
 #cmd("echo 'Edit ,x/foo/c/bar/' > $m/pane/$n/ctl")
 #cmd("exec 3<>$m/log; echo follow >&3; cat <&3")
diff --git a/docs/typ/guide.typ b/docs/typ/guide.typ
index 484a746e..1079b763 100644
--- a/docs/typ/guide.typ
+++ b/docs/typ/guide.typ
@@ -235,8 +235,9 @@ git's `a/` and `b/` prefixes are dropped (and `c/ i/ w/ o/` with
 In a pane's shell, `pardes FILE` opens FILE in this session and returns at
 once, as acme's `B` does. A FILE not there yet opens an empty pane named
 for it; #word("Save") creates it, making its directories first. Something
-the session refuses (a bad name, or a new name in a directory that is there
-but may not be read or written) is printed and the command exits 1.
+the session refuses (a bad name; a name under a directory you may not
+search or write, `permission denied`) is printed and the command exits 1.
+`--` ends the options: `pardes -- -name` opens a file named `-name`.
 
 `pardes --wait FILE` (`-w`) returns when the pane showing FILE is closed
 (exit 0) or the session goes away (exit 1), as acme's `E` does. Set
diff --git a/docs/typ/reference.typ b/docs/typ/reference.typ
index cf5e66d0..748f6f3c 100644
--- a/docs/typ/reference.typ
+++ b/docs/typ/reference.typ
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ safe), only `rmdir` of #file("/pane/<n>") or an empty #file("/col/<n>")
 removes. Tcreate is refused everywhere.
 
 #file("/index") rows are `serial kind dirty name column`, kind `text`,
-`term`, `pdf` or `image`, the name `<dir>/+New` for an unnamed scratch.
+`term` (a shell), `cmd` (a command's pane, no shell to type into), `pdf` or
+`image`, the name `<dir>/+New` for an unnamed scratch.
 Names may hold blanks, so split `head, col = row.rsplit(maxsplit=1)`, then
 `serial, kind, dirty, name = head.split(maxsplit=3)`. Names in
 #file("/index"), the log and a terminal's tag are escaped: a newline `\n`, a
@@ -55,9 +56,9 @@ is not UTF-8 `\xNN`, so a name decodes to the bytes it is.
 
 *Failure.* A write fails whenever what it asked for fails, and logs one
 `err <serial|-> <file>: <why>` record, with no `msg`; a write that succeeds
-logs none. So check a write's status first, and read the log's last `err`
-only for a write that failed (`echo x > f || tail -1 log`): after a success
-the tail may still hold an older `err`. Only writes log: a
+logs none. A refused write says why in the log's last `err` record, found
+with `grep '^err' log | tail -1`: after a refused Del, Exit or Restore the
+newest line may be `new N .../+Unsaved`. Only writes log: a
 refused open or truncation (an OTRUNC open such as `> data` after a failed
 `addr`), create or remove answers its error alone, as do a write to
 #file("pane/new") (`permission denied`) and a write on a read-only fid
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ write. An open that never wrote reads the session's last answer, from
 whichever client wrote it, so read on the open you wrote. A read is a stream: once read,
 the next read on that fid is EOF until the next write (or seek to 0). With
 other clients about, write and read on one open:
-#cmd("exec 3<>$m/look; echo x >&3; cat <&3; exec 3<&-")
+#cmd("exec 3<>$m/pane/$n/look; echo x >&3; cat <&3; exec 3<&-")
 
 *Snapshots.* #file("/index"), #file("/layout"), #file("/recent"),
 #file("/commands"), #file("/status"), #file("/listeners"), a read-only
@@ -206,7 +207,10 @@ A line written to #file("exec") is a #btn("B2") click:
 - Anything else is a command line, at most 1024 bytes, run as the guide
   says (#doc("tags", section: "command-panes")): typed into a terminal idle
   at an empty prompt, else run in a command pane. #file("exec") reads back
-  the command pane's serial; the log says `run <serial> <line>` and `exit <serial> <N|?>`. A reused pane's #file("body") keeps every earlier run
+  the command pane's serial, and while that open stays open the pane is its
+own: another client's command in the same directory gets a pane of its
+own. The log says `run <serial> <line>` and `exit <serial> <N|?>`. A
+reused pane's #file("body") keeps every earlier run
   above a `% <line>` row naming each command, so to take only the last
   run's output read from after the last `% ` row:
   #cmd("awk '/^% /{out=\"\"; next} {out = out $0 \"\\n\"} END {printf \"%s\", out}' body")
@@ -287,7 +291,9 @@ Writes take settings and session builtins (`scope = .session` in
   wrote). The Restore write is answered, then *every connection is hung
   up*: dial again, and restart a 9ns mount. The new log has a `new` per
   pane, `restore <path>`, then `restored <old> <new>` per pane and
-  `restoredcol <old> <new>` per column.
+  `restoredcol <old> <new>` per column. A Restore that fails says why in
+  words, a dump's ZON error with its line (`line 3: expected ','`); a
+  ThemeFile the dump names that fails to load changes nothing.
 - `Kill [word...]` (above), `Mount name dial`, `Unmount name`, `Theme x`.
 - `size C R` sizes a `--detach` session no frontend is attached to (160x50
   until then): from 20x6 to 4096x4096, else `invalid size`; refused while a
@@ -295,7 +301,9 @@ Writes take settings and session builtins (`scope = .session` in
   rows (`size: too small for the panes, each its tag and 2 rows`). A bad
   `size` is refused quoting the value it got (`"5 2"`).
 
-A write is refused whole, before anything runs, in Plan 9's words:
+A word that takes its argument after a `+` (`Tty+bash`) works on a ctl as
+in a tag. A write is refused whole, before anything runs, in Plan 9's
+words:
 `unknown control message "X"`, `wrong #args in control message "X"`, `bad value in control message ...`, or a word of the other ctl: `not a session control message "Undo": write it to pane/<n>/ctl`, `... "Delcol": write it to col/<serial>/ctl`, `not a window control message "X": write it to /ctl`. A builtin that would open a prompt (#word("Save") on a scratch)
 fails `control message needs its argument "Save"`. A line that fails as it
 runs fails with the editor's words (`Mount: already mounted`, `Save /root/x: access denied`), changing nothing.
@@ -677,7 +685,9 @@ Terminal panes also have #file("pty/"):
   Ctrl-C); read the live output stream (a consuming queue shared by
   readers, not a replay).
 - #file("pty/status"): one line, `cols rows busy`; busy is 1 while a
-  command runs or text is typed at the prompt.
+  command runs or text is typed at the prompt. A terminal whose program was
+  killed on the alternate screen is at its prompt once the shell draws one
+  there: busy is 0, and the next #file("pty/run") reads its output whole.
 - #file("pty/ctl"): `winsize C R` (at least 2 rows, fewer refused `invalid winsize: at least 2 rows`; at most 4096 a side), `sig INT|TERM|HUP|QUIT|KILL`, `exec` (restart the shell in its directory:
   refused on a command pane, `a command pane does not restart`; `exec: <dir>: no such directory` if it is gone; a shell that cannot start fails
   and leaves the old one running).
@@ -689,7 +699,7 @@ Terminal panes also have #file("pty/"):
   goes to a `+Pager` pane through the terminal's `pardes -` pager; the last 64 KiB, `exit N cut M` when M bytes were left
   out, bare `cut` only when the start of that output scrolled out of the
   scrollback; after a `clear`, the answer is what the command printed from
-  the clear onward). Or: `busy: <program> is running` (bare `busy` when text is typed at the prompt),
+  the clear onward). Or: `busy: <program> is running` (bare `busy` when text is typed at the prompt, `busy alternate screen` on the alternate screen with no prompt drawn),
   `exit ?` (no status reported, not a success), `error not run` (the shell
   refused the line, e.g. a fish syntax error), `error shell gone`, `error no prompt marks`, and on a command pane `error a command runs here, not a shell` (`error command done; not a shell` once it ended). A line written
   before a fresh terminal's first prompt waits for it. One line per run; a
@@ -746,7 +756,9 @@ at 200, ending in `…`. Control characters become spaces.
   closed one at its last (a PDF's is its page); a look at a row reopens it
   there.
 - #file("/status"): `pid`, `version`, `panes`.
-- #file("/pager"): write a directory (empty means the session's); a read on
+- #file("/pager"): write an absolute directory that exists (an empty line
+  is the session's; one not there is refused `no such directory`, ENOENT,
+  a relative one `the directory must be absolute`); a read on
   the same open answers the serial of that directory's one `+Pager`, made
   or emptied for it. It takes one directory a write. This is what
   `pardes -` uses.
diff --git a/docs/typ/scripting.typ b/docs/typ/scripting.typ
index 555c6b43..7bf04efe 100644
--- a/docs/typ/scripting.typ
+++ b/docs/typ/scripting.typ
@@ -48,26 +48,34 @@ Both hold only where your environment names no pager.
 
 = Recipes
 
-Each recipe starts after these lines, which find the session (with a mount)
-and name a text pane by its serial (from #file("index"), or one you made):
-#cmd("s=${PARDES_9P##*/pardes-9p-}; m=$NINE_MOUNT/pardes/${s%.sock}\nn=3; p=$m/pane/$n")
+Each recipe starts after these lines, which find the session (with a
+mount) and make a pane of your own. Work through that pane's #file("look")
+and #file("exec"), not the root's (see the traps):
+#cmd("s=${PARDES_9P##*/pardes-9p-}; m=$NINE_MOUNT/pardes/${s%.sock}\nn=$(cat $m/pane/new); p=$m/pane/$n # a scratch of your own")
 
 #pairs(
   [look around], [#cmd("cat $m/index\ncat $m/layout\ncat $m/focus\ncat $m/commands")],
-  [open a file at a place], [#cmd("exec 3<>$m/look; echo \"$PWD/main.zig:120\" >&3; cat <&3; exec 3<&- # where it went\necho 'main.zig:0/fn main/' > $m/look # the first match")],
-  [make, fill, name, save], [#cmd("n=$(cat $m/pane/new) # one pane per open\nprintf 'hello\\n' > $m/pane/$n/body # > replaces, >> appends\necho \"$PWD/notes.txt\" > $m/pane/$n/name\necho Save > $m/pane/$n/ctl\nrmdir $m/pane/$n # close it")],
-  [say something], [#cmd("echo 'Msg hello' > $m/exec")],
+  [open a file at a place], [#cmd("exec 3<>$p/look; echo \"$PWD/main.zig:120\" >&3; f=$(cat <&3); exec 3<&- # its pane\necho \"$PWD/main.zig:0/fn main/\" > $p/look # the first match")],
+  [fill, name, save, close], [#cmd("printf 'hello\\n' > $p/body # > replaces, >> appends\necho \"$PWD/notes.txt\" > $p/name\necho Save > $p/ctl\nrmdir $p")],
+  [say something], [#cmd("echo 'Msg hello' > $p/exec")],
   [replace everywhere], [#cmd("echo 'Edit ,x/foo/c/bar/' > $p/ctl\ngrep -c foo $p/body # 0: none left")],
   [replace one match], [#cmd("echo /old/ > $p/addr && printf new > $p/data")],
   [delete line 3], [#cmd("echo 3 > $p/addr; : > $p/data")],
   [select line 3, read it], [#cmd("echo 3 > $p/addr; cp $p/addr $p/dot; cat $p/sel")],
-  [run a command], [#cmd("exec 3<>$m/exec; echo 'make test' >&3; c=$(cat <&3); exec 3<&- # its pane\nuntil grep -q ') exit ' $m/pane/$c/tag; do sleep 0.2; done\ngrep -o 'exit [0-9?]*' $m/pane/$c/tag")],
+  [run a command], [#cmd("exec 3<>$p/exec; echo \"cd '$PWD' && make test\" >&3; c=$(cat <&3) # its pane\nuntil grep -q ') exit ' $m/pane/$c/tag; do sleep 0.2; done\ncat $m/pane/$c/body; exec 3<&- # read it before letting go")],
   [run at a prompt], [#cmd("t=$(awk '$2==\"term\"{print $1; exit}' $m/index)\nexec 3<>$m/pane/$t/pty/run; echo ls >&3; cat <&3; exec 3<&-")],
   [type, interrupt], [#cmd("t=$(awk '$2==\"term\"{print $1; exit}' $m/index)\nprintf 'q' > $m/pane/$t/pty/data # \\r Enter, \\x03 Ctrl-C\necho 'sig INT' > $m/pane/$t/pty/ctl")],
-  [ask the language server], [#cmd("echo /myFunc/ > $p/addr; echo dot=addr > $p/ctl\necho Hover > $p/exec # also Rename new, Symbols")],
+  [ask the language server], [#cmd("exec 3<>$p/look; echo \"$PWD/main.zig\" >&3; q=$m/pane/$(cat <&3); exec 3<&-\necho /myFunc/ > $q/addr; echo dot=addr > $q/ctl\necho Hover > $q/exec # also Rename new, Symbols")],
   [follow what happens], [#cmd("exec 3<>$m/log; echo 'follow new' >&3\ntimeout 30 cat <&3; exec 3<&-")],
 )
 
+A command pane your #file("exec") open was answered is yours while that
+open stays open: another client's command in the same directory gets a
+pane of its own. Read its #file("body") and poll its tag before you close
+the open; once you have, the directory's next command may reuse the pane.
+In #file("index") a `term` is a shell to type at, a `cmd` a
+command's pane.
+
 `follow` without `new` replays the ring first.
 
 == A script for a tag
@@ -140,12 +148,19 @@ pardes the editor of every program run there.
 
 = Traps <traps>
 
-- Check the write's own status first: a refused write says only `Invalid
-  argument` or `Input/output error`, and only then is the log's last `err`
-  record its reason: `echo Save > $p/ctl || tail -1 $m/log`. A write that
-  succeeds adds no record, so after a success the log's tail may still show
-  an older, unrelated `err`. Only writes log: a refused open, truncation or
+- A refused write says only `Invalid argument` or `Input/output error`;
+  its reason is the log's last `err` record: `grep '^err' $m/log | tail -1`.
+  Not the log's last line: after a refused Del, Exit or Restore that may be
+  `new N .../+Unsaved`. A write that succeeds adds no record, so check the
+  write's own status first. Only writes log: a refused open, truncation or
   `rmdir` has its errno alone.
+- The root #file("look") and #file("exec") act at the active pane, which
+  another client, an idle shell or an event helper may own: a line written
+  there may be typed into a terminal or taken by an event reader. Use a
+  pane's own #file("look") and #file("exec").
+- `head` through a 9ns mount says `Illegal seek` on the files that stat 0
+  (#file("index"), #file("layout"), #file("log"), #file("recent")): they
+  are streams. Use `sed -n 1p` or `awk 'NR==1'`; `tail -n` works.
 - #file("addr") belongs to the pane, not to you, and moves on: each
   `/re/` searches from the last address, a #file("data") write leaves it
   just past what it wrote, and a read moves it too. Write #file("addr")
@@ -167,7 +182,7 @@ pardes the editor of every program run there.
 - Read #file("look"), #file("exec") or #file("pager") on the open you
   wrote: a read answers the panes touched by this open's last write, and a
   fresh open reads the session's last answer, from whichever client wrote
-  it (`exec 3<>$m/exec; echo cmd >&3; cat <&3; exec 3<&-`).
+  it (`exec 3<>$p/exec; echo cmd >&3; cat <&3; exec 3<&-`).
 - `tail -f log` never sees anything new: write `follow` on the open you
   read. Through a FUSE mount bash's `read -t` cannot time out: wrap the
   loop in `timeout`.
diff --git a/docs/typ/themes.typ b/docs/typ/themes.typ
index 9212a27b..918c2ea5 100644
--- a/docs/typ/themes.typ
+++ b/docs/typ/themes.typ
@@ -91,10 +91,12 @@ An imported theme whose name a port now holds is kept with `_helix` added
 change its `.name`, and run `ThemeFile themes/mine.zon` (relative to the
 config directory). Where the host reloads files, saving it updates the
 theme at once; a malformed save keeps the last good version, and
-`Theme <name>` stops the watch. A `ThemeFile` that fails to load changes
-nothing: #file("/ctl") and #word("DumpConfig") still name the file that last
-loaded, or none. #word("Restore") and `pardes -l` load a dump's
-`ThemeFile` again, as a #file("/ctl") write of it does. The format is `pardes.Theme` as
+`Theme <name>` stops the watch. A `ThemeFile` that fails to load says why
+in words, a ZON error with its line (`line 3: expected ','`), and changes
+nothing: the theme shown stays, and #file("/ctl") and #word("DumpConfig")
+still name the file that last loaded, or none. #word("Restore") and
+`pardes -l` load a dump's `ThemeFile` again, as a #file("/ctl") write of it
+does, and one that fails there changes nothing either. The format is `pardes.Theme` as
 `std.zon.stringify` writes it, a complete theme with no inheritance.
 
 The required roles: nullable `bg` and `fg`, `sel_bg`, `sel_fg`, `tag_bg`,