the gui wears any monospace font on the machine

2 files changed, 317 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/src/gui/fonts.zig b/src/gui/fonts.zig
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e21f4674
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/gui/fonts.zig
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+//! The fonts installed on the machine: the list the picker shows, the path a
+//! `Font <name>` resolves to, and the one word the two sides of that say to
+//! each other. builtins.zig reads this file to build the rows and to resolve a
+//! name; gui.zig reads it to learn which file to load. It is the whole seam,
+//! because the core has no font and the shell has no builtin dispatch.
+//!
+//! It lives under gui/ rather than at src/ — where the core lies flat —
+//! because it only exists in a GUI build: builtins.zig imports it behind
+//! `platform == .gui`, so the tty binary compiles not one line of this and
+//! never opens a font directory, and the browser (which has no font
+//! directories to open) is out for a better reason than taste.
+//!
+//! No fontconfig, no freetype. Enumerating fonts on a unix box is a walk over
+//! four well-known directories, and the one thing a terminal must know about a
+//! file it finds there — is every glyph the same width — is four small reads
+//! into the file itself. `monospaced` below is the whole font library.
+const std = @import("std");
+const libc = std.c;
+
+/// Where a unix box keeps fonts. The last two are relative to $HOME (a machine
+/// with no $HOME simply has neither). ponytail: this is the freedesktop list
+/// minus /usr/share/X11/fonts, which holds the bitmap console fonts stb
+/// cannot rasterize anyway; XDG_DATA_DIRS would be the general answer and is
+/// two lines here the day someone keeps fonts somewhere else.
+const system_dirs = [_][]const u8{ "/usr/share/fonts", "/usr/local/share/fonts" };
+const home_dirs = [_][]const u8{ ".local/share/fonts", ".fonts" };
+
+/// The same three safety rails look.find has, for the same reason: this walk
+/// runs INSIDE the keystroke that asked for it, so it must end whatever it is
+/// pointed at. A font tree is shallow and wide (one directory per family), so
+/// the depth cap is lower than find's and the file cap is what a picker can
+/// still be read as a list.
+const max_fonts = 512;
+const max_steps = 20_000;
+const max_depth = 8;
+
+pub const Font = struct { name: []const u8, path: []const u8 };
+
+/// The font the shell should be wearing, as a PATH — written by the Font
+/// builtin, taken by the shell on its next pass through the loop. Exactly the
+/// shape Pardes.restore_req has, including the buffer behind it: the request
+/// outlives the scratch arena the walk found the path in.
+///
+/// A module var rather than a field on Pardes because the core does not have a
+/// font, has no opinion about one, and on every other platform does not have
+/// this file either — a field would be state the tty build carries around to
+/// never touch.
+pub var want_buf: [4096]u8 = undefined;
+pub var want: ?[]const u8 = null;
+
+/// Every monospace font installed, `{name, path}`, arena-owned and sorted by
+/// name — or, when `want_name` is given, just the one that answers to it.
+///
+/// The two callers are the two halves of the feature, so it is one walk with
+/// one difference: asking for a font BY NAME skips the monospace test, because
+/// the question that test exists to answer is the one you just answered
+/// yourself, and it stops at the first hit instead of reading every file.
+///
+/// ponytail: a font's NAME here is its FILE STEM ("DejaVuSansMono-Bold"), not
+/// the pretty name in its TTF `name` table ("DejaVu Sans Mono Bold"). The stem
+/// is unique per file, is what the file is called everywhere else, and is one
+/// word — so a middle-click on a picker row hits the whole of it. The ceiling
+/// is a font whose filename is not its name (a hashed download, a `.otf` from
+/// a foundry); reading the real one means a `ui_font_name` beside the other
+/// four in vendor/stb/font.c plus a UTF-16BE decode, and this file is where it
+/// would land.
+pub fn list(arena: std.mem.Allocator, want_name: ?[]const u8) []const Font {
+    var out: std.ArrayList(Font) = .empty;
+    // Zig 0.16 moved the filesystem behind std.Io; the blocking
+    // single-threaded implementation is the synchronous walk a sans-IO core
+    // wants, the same one look.find uses.
+    const io = std.Io.Threaded.global_single_threaded.io();
+    const home: []const u8 = if (libc.getenv("HOME")) |h| std.mem.span(h) else "";
+    var root_buf: [512]u8 = undefined;
+    var path_buf: [4096]u8 = undefined;
+    for (0..system_dirs.len + home_dirs.len) |i| {
+        const root: []const u8 = if (i < system_dirs.len)
+            system_dirs[i]
+        else if (home.len == 0)
+            continue
+        else
+            std.fmt.bufPrint(&root_buf, "{s}/{s}", .{ std.mem.trimEnd(u8, home, "/"), home_dirs[i - system_dirs.len] }) catch continue;
+        var dir = std.Io.Dir.cwd().openDir(io, root, .{ .iterate = true }) catch continue;
+        defer dir.close(io);
+        // walkSelectively, not walk: descending is opt-in, which is the only
+        // way to express the depth cap at all (look.find, same reason)
+        var w = dir.walkSelectively(arena) catch continue;
+        defer w.deinit();
+        var steps: usize = 0;
+        while (steps < max_steps and out.items.len < max_fonts) {
+            steps += 1; // an unreadable dir burns a step too, so it cannot spin
+            const e = (w.next(io) catch continue) orelse break;
+            if (e.kind == .directory) {
+                if (e.depth() < max_depth) w.enter(io, e) catch {};
+                continue;
+            }
+            const ext = std.fs.path.extension(e.basename);
+            if (!std.ascii.eqlIgnoreCase(ext, ".ttf") and !std.ascii.eqlIgnoreCase(ext, ".otf")) continue;
+            const name = e.basename[0 .. e.basename.len - ext.len];
+            // e.path points into the walker's own buffer and dies at the next
+            // next(), so the path is spelled out here and copied below
+            const path = std.fmt.bufPrintSentinel(&path_buf, "{s}/{s}", .{ root, e.path }, 0) catch continue;
+            if (want_name) |wn| {
+                if (!std.mem.eql(u8, wn, name)) continue;
+            } else if (!monospaced(path)) continue;
+            out.append(arena, .{
+                .name = arena.dupe(u8, name) catch break,
+                .path = arena.dupe(u8, path) catch break,
+            }) catch break;
+            if (want_name != null) return out.items; // asked for one, found it
+        }
+    }
+    // readdir order is undefined; sort so the picker is the same list twice
+    // running and n/N walks a font's own variants in a row
+    std.mem.sort(Font, out.items, {}, struct {
+        fn lt(_: void, a: Font, b: Font) bool {
+            return std.mem.lessThan(u8, a.name, b.name);
+        }
+    }.lt);
+    return out.items;
+}
+
+/// Is every glyph in this font the same width? The terminal grid IS a
+/// monospace cell — one advance for every column, chosen once from 'M' — so a
+/// proportional font does not render badly in it, it renders as rubble: every
+/// row a different length, every column misaligned, and the mouse pointing at
+/// the wrong character. That is why the picker filters rather than listing all
+/// nine hundred faces and letting you find out one step into walking them; the
+/// list you get is the list you can actually wear.
+///
+/// Four reads and no allocation, which is why the walk can afford it per file:
+/// the sfnt header and table directory, then `hhea`'s numberOfHMetrics, then
+/// the start of `hmtx` — one {advance, lsb} pair per glyph. A font whose first
+/// advances all agree is monospace. Zeros are skipped: .notdef and the
+/// combining marks legitimately advance nothing, in any font.
+///
+/// ponytail: the first 64 metrics, not all of them, so this is one 256-byte
+/// read whatever the font's size. Those cover .notdef and the whole of basic
+/// latin — the range a terminal is actually worn in — which also (deliberately)
+/// keeps the CJK mono faces whose *later* glyphs are double-width, exactly the
+/// fonts fontconfig calls "dual-width" and refuses.
+fn monospaced(path_z: [*:0]const u8) bool {
+    const fd = libc.open(path_z, .{ .ACCMODE = .RDONLY, .CLOEXEC = true });
+    if (fd < 0) return false;
+    defer _ = libc.close(fd);
+    // 12-byte header + one 16-byte record per table; 256 records is far more
+    // than any real font carries
+    var head: [12 + 16 * 256]u8 = undefined;
+    const n = libc.pread(fd, &head, head.len, 0);
+    if (n < 12) return false;
+    const hhea = tableOffset(head[0..@intCast(n)], "hhea") orelse return false;
+    const hmtx = tableOffset(head[0..@intCast(n)], "hmtx") orelse return false;
+    var hh: [36]u8 = undefined;
+    if (libc.pread(fd, &hh, hh.len, hhea) != @as(isize, hh.len)) return false;
+    const metrics = std.mem.readInt(u16, hh[34..36], .big);
+    const k: usize = @min(@as(usize, metrics), 64);
+    if (k == 0) return false;
+    var mx: [64 * 4]u8 = undefined;
+    if (libc.pread(fd, &mx, k * 4, hmtx) != @as(isize, @intCast(k * 4))) return false;
+    var ref: u16 = 0;
+    for (0..k) |i| {
+        const adv = std.mem.readInt(u16, mx[i * 4 ..][0..2], .big);
+        if (adv == 0) continue;
+        if (ref == 0) ref = adv else if (adv != ref) return false;
+    }
+    return ref != 0;
+}
+
+/// Where `tag`'s table starts, read out of an sfnt table directory. Called
+/// twice per font, which is the only reason it is not inline up there.
+fn tableOffset(head: []const u8, tag: *const [4]u8) ?u32 {
+    if (head.len < 12) return null;
+    // 0x00010000 truetype outlines, "OTTO" CFF ones, "true" the old apple
+    // spelling. Anything else — a .ttc collection, a woff, a lie about its
+    // extension — is not a font this can read, and not one stb would take.
+    const ver = std.mem.readInt(u32, head[0..4], .big);
+    if (ver != 0x00010000 and ver != 0x4F54544F and ver != 0x74727565) return null;
+    const num = std.mem.readInt(u16, head[4..6], .big);
+    var i: usize = 0;
+    while (i < num and 12 + (i + 1) * 16 <= head.len) : (i += 1) {
+        const rec = head[12 + i * 16 ..][0..16];
+        if (std.mem.eql(u8, rec[0..4], tag)) return std.mem.readInt(u32, rec[8..12], .big);
+    }
+    return null;
+}
+
+test "monospaced reads the advances out of a real sfnt layout" {
+    // A whole font in 92 bytes: the header, a two-record table directory, and
+    // an hhea + hmtx that between them say "three glyphs, all 600 units wide".
+    // Everything a real .ttf has that this does not (glyf, cmap, name) is
+    // exactly what the probe never reads, which is the property under test.
+    var f: [92]u8 = @splat(0);
+    std.mem.writeInt(u32, f[0..4], 0x00010000, .big); // sfnt version
+    std.mem.writeInt(u16, f[4..6], 2, .big); // numTables
+    @memcpy(f[12..16], "hhea");
+    std.mem.writeInt(u32, f[20..24], 44, .big); // hhea at 44, 36 bytes long
+    @memcpy(f[28..32], "hmtx");
+    std.mem.writeInt(u32, f[36..40], 80, .big); // hmtx right after it
+    std.mem.writeInt(u16, f[44 + 34 ..][0..2], 3, .big); // numberOfHMetrics
+    for (0..3) |i| std.mem.writeInt(u16, f[80 + i * 4 ..][0..2], 600, .big);
+
+    const path = "/tmp/pardes-fonts-test.ttf";
+    {
+        const fd = libc.open(path, .{ .ACCMODE = .WRONLY, .CREAT = true, .TRUNC = true }, @as(c_uint, 0o644));
+        try std.testing.expect(fd >= 0);
+        defer _ = libc.close(fd);
+        try std.testing.expectEqual(@as(isize, f.len), libc.write(fd, &f, f.len));
+    }
+    try std.testing.expect(monospaced(path));
+
+    // ...and one glyph a different width is the whole difference between a
+    // font this can wear and one it cannot
+    std.mem.writeInt(u16, f[80 + 4 ..][0..2], 1200, .big);
+    {
+        const fd = libc.open(path, .{ .ACCMODE = .WRONLY, .CREAT = true, .TRUNC = true }, @as(c_uint, 0o644));
+        try std.testing.expect(fd >= 0);
+        defer _ = libc.close(fd);
+        try std.testing.expectEqual(@as(isize, f.len), libc.write(fd, &f, f.len));
+    }
+    try std.testing.expect(!monospaced(path));
+}
diff --git a/src/gui/gui.zig b/src/gui/gui.zig
index 6280ab00..66812575 100644
--- a/src/gui/gui.zig
+++ b/src/gui/gui.zig
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ const config = @import("../config.zig");
 const look = @import("../look.zig");
 const deck = @import("deck.zig");
 const crt = @import("crt.zig");
+const fonts = @import("fonts.zig"); // the Font builtin's half of the seam
 
 const is_emscripten = builtin.os.tag == .emscripten;
 
@@ -780,6 +781,15 @@ const Gui = struct {
     overlay_vertices: []OverlayVertex,
 
     font: *c.UIFont,
+    /// the file behind `font`, when it is one the Font builtin loaded. Empty
+    /// for the font the binary ships with, which is @embedFile'd and not ours
+    /// to free — stb keeps a pointer into these bytes, so they outlive nothing.
+    font_bytes: []u8 = &.{},
+    /// the cell height the metrics are asked for, in pixels. A field and not
+    /// the local constant it used to be because refitFont reads it: changing
+    /// the FACE has to re-ask at the same size, and changing the SIZE (the
+    /// Ctrl+/Ctrl- this leaves the path for) is writing here and calling that.
+    px: f32,
     scale: f32,
     cell_w: u32,
     cell_h: u32,
@@ -1027,6 +1037,7 @@ fn runNative(init: std.process.Init, opts_in: pardes.Options) !void {
         .overlay_vxfer = overlay_vxfer,
         .overlay_vertices = overlay_vertices,
         .font = font,
+        .px = px,
         .scale = scale,
         .cell_w = cell_w,
         .cell_h = cell_h,
@@ -1037,6 +1048,7 @@ fn runNative(init: std.process.Init, opts_in: pardes.Options) !void {
         .capture_dir = capture_dir orelse "",
     };
     defer g.glyphs.deinit();
+    defer if (g.font_bytes.len != 0) gpa.free(g.font_bytes); // set by Font, if it ran
     defer gpa.free(g.scroll_edge); // grown on demand by stepScroll
     // slot (0,0) is the space glyph (blank cells sample alpha=0 → bg only)
     _ = c.ui_font_raster(font, scale, ' ', atlas_stage.ptr, @intCast(atlas_w), @intCast(cell_w), @intCast(cell_h), asc);
@@ -1179,12 +1191,35 @@ fn runNative(init: std.process.Init, opts_in: pardes.Options) !void {
             core.deinit();
             core = nc;
         }
+        // Font builtin: the core resolved a name to a path and asked for it —
+        // it cannot load a font itself, having no rasterizer, no atlas and no
+        // window. Inline here beside Restore because it is the same kind of
+        // thing and this is the flat loop.
+        if (fonts.want) |path| blk: {
+            fonts.want = null;
+            const bytes = look.readFile(gpa, path) catch break :blk;
+            const nf = c.ui_font_new(bytes.ptr, @intCast(bytes.len)) orelse {
+                // stb turned it down (an .otf whose outlines it cannot read).
+                // Keep wearing the one that works: a font pardes cannot
+                // rasterize is a blank window with no way back out of it.
+                log.err("ui_font_new failed: {s}", .{path});
+                gpa.free(bytes);
+                break :blk;
+            };
+            c.ui_font_free(g.font);
+            if (g.font_bytes.len != 0) gpa.free(g.font_bytes);
+            g.font = nf;
+            g.font_bytes = bytes; // stb reads them for as long as the font lives
+            refitFont(&g, core);
+        }
         // 5. live cwd for tags/look: cheap /proc readlink per pane, per frame
         pollCwds(core, &ptys);
-        // 6. the grid follows the window (covers WINDOW_RESIZED and test resizes)
+        // 6. the grid follows the window (covers WINDOW_RESIZED and test
+        // resizes). Off g.cell_w/h, not the init locals: a font change moves
+        // them, and this is the line that would go on dividing by the old cell.
         _ = c.SDL_GetWindowSizeInPixels(window, &pw, &ph);
-        const cols: u16 = @intCast(@max(1, @divTrunc(@as(u32, @intCast(@max(pw, 1))), cell_w)));
-        const rows: u16 = @intCast(@max(1, @divTrunc(@as(u32, @intCast(@max(ph, 1))), cell_h)));
+        const cols: u16 = @intCast(@max(1, @divTrunc(@as(u32, @intCast(@max(pw, 1))), g.cell_w)));
+        const rows: u16 = @intCast(@max(1, @divTrunc(@as(u32, @intCast(@max(ph, 1))), g.cell_h)));
         if (cols != core.screen_w or rows != core.screen_h)
             core.update(.{ .resize = .{ .cols = cols, .rows = rows } });
         // 7. render — the scroll animation steps LAST before it, while
@@ -1417,6 +1452,7 @@ fn runWeb(opts_in: pardes.Options) !void {
             .gl_overlay_vbo = overlay_vbo,
             .gl_u_atlas = c.glGetUniformLocation(program, "u_atlas"),
             .font = font,
+            .px = px,
             .scale = scale,
             .cell_w = cell_w,
             .cell_h = cell_h,
@@ -2794,6 +2830,63 @@ fn firstCp(s: []const u8) u32 {
     return std.unicode.utf8Decode(s[0..n]) catch ' ';
 }
 
+/// Re-measure the cell, throw the glyph atlas away, and re-fit the grid to the
+/// window. THE path for any change to what a cell LOOKS like: point g.font at
+/// a different face (the Font builtin, above) or write a different g.px (the
+/// Ctrl+/Ctrl- sizing this leaves the road open for) and call this — those are
+/// one line each, and everything that has to follow from them is here.
+///
+/// The atlas is the part that must not be skipped, and the reason the whole
+/// thing is a function rather than three lines at a call site. It is keyed by
+/// CODEPOINT ALONE — one face, one size, a pen walking rows of cell_w×cell_h
+/// slots — so after a change every slot in it holds the wrong picture at the
+/// wrong metrics, and every codepoint already in the map would keep being
+/// drawn from that slot forever, because ensureGlyph's first line is a cache
+/// hit. Clearing the map, zeroing the staging bitmap and rewinding the pen put
+/// it back to exactly what init built, and ensureGlyph refills it as the next
+/// frame draws. The zeroing is not tidiness: the upload is the WHOLE texture,
+/// the new cell size is a different grid over the same 2048², and a leftover
+/// bitmap no slot points at any more would still be sampled by whatever new
+/// slot overlaps it.
+fn refitFont(g: *Gui, core: *pardes.Pardes) void {
+    // Native rasters at the size it measures. Web MEASURES at the CSS size and
+    // RASTERS web_render_scale bigger, so text stays sharp on a scaled canvas
+    // and cellLayout scales the quads back down — the same two scales initGl
+    // takes, asked again because a different face answers differently.
+    const measure = c.ui_font_scale_for_height(g.font, g.px);
+    g.scale = if (is_emscripten) c.ui_font_scale_for_height(g.font, g.px * web_render_scale) else measure;
+    var cw: c_int = 10;
+    var chh: c_int = 20;
+    var asc: c_int = 16;
+    c.ui_font_cell_metrics(g.font, measure, &cw, &chh, &asc);
+    const grow: f32 = if (is_emscripten) web_render_scale else 1.0;
+    g.cell_w = @intFromFloat(@ceil(@as(f32, @floatFromInt(@max(cw, 1))) * grow));
+    g.cell_h = @intFromFloat(@ceil(@as(f32, @floatFromInt(@max(chh, 1))) * grow));
+    g.ascent = @intFromFloat(@ceil(@as(f32, @floatFromInt(@max(asc, 1))) * grow));
+
+    g.glyphs.clearRetainingCapacity();
+    @memset(g.atlas_stage, 0);
+    // slot (0,0) is the space glyph, exactly as init lays it out
+    _ = c.ui_font_raster(g.font, g.scale, ' ', g.atlas_stage.ptr, @intCast(atlas_w), @intCast(g.cell_w), @intCast(g.cell_h), g.ascent);
+    g.space_slot = .{ .u = 0, .v = 0 };
+    g.pen_x = g.cell_w;
+    g.pen_y = 0;
+    g.atlas_dirty = true;
+
+    // ...and the grid: the same window is a different number of cells now. The
+    // shells re-derive this every frame anyway, so this is only the frame the
+    // change happens on — but it is the frame the surface is about to be
+    // rendered for, and a stale screen_w here is a row of cells drawn off the
+    // right edge of the window.
+    var pw: c_int = 0;
+    var ph: c_int = 0;
+    _ = c.SDL_GetWindowSizeInPixels(g.window, &pw, &ph);
+    const cols: u16 = @intCast(@max(1, @divTrunc(@as(u32, @intCast(@max(pw, 1))), g.cell_w)));
+    const rows: u16 = @intCast(@max(1, @divTrunc(@as(u32, @intCast(@max(ph, 1))), g.cell_h)));
+    if (cols != core.screen_w or rows != core.screen_h)
+        core.update(.{ .resize = .{ .cols = cols, .rows = rows } });
+}
+
 fn ensureGlyph(g: *Gui, cp: u32) Slot {
     if (g.glyphs.get(cp)) |s| return s;
     if (g.pen_x + g.cell_w > atlas_w) {